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Advisory Committee on Health Effects of Endocrine Disruptors
The Supplement II to the Intermediary Report
1.4.2.2_7 |
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Rathore et al. (2002) studied effects organochlorine pesticide
burden on thyroid functions for 123 female residents in Jaipur
who visited the Sasai Man Singh Medical School Hospital in
1997-98. Analysis of thyroid hormones in serum showed normal T4
and TSH levels in 100 cases (normal group), and low T4 and high
TSH in 23 cases (underactive thyroid group). Qualitative and
quantitative analysis of organochlorine pesticides for the two
groups were conducted using gas chromatography.
Both groups showed high levels of total DDT (p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE
and p,p'-DDT) (6.91 ± 0.55 and 8.43 ± 1.15 ppm for the normal
and underactive thyroid group, respectively) and total HCH (3.86
± 0.35 and 3.82 ± 0.68 ppm, respectively). The dieldrin level in
the underactive thyroid group was 5.38 ± 1.23 ppm, which was
significantly higher than 2.5 ± 0.31 ppm for the normal group (p
< 0.05). The heptachlor levels in the normal and underactive
thyroid group were 1.41 ± 0.15 and 1.18 ± 0.24 ppm,
respectively. While most of the subjects were relatively elderly
(44 cases between 31 and 40 years, 32 cases between 41 and 50
years), residual pesticides were higher in the age groups of
11-20 years (25.18 ± 1.8 ppm) and 21-30 years (23.38 ± 6.06 ppm)
in the underactive thyroid group.
Garry et al. (2003) examined 144 pesticide spraying operators
without chronic diseases and 49 urban residents (as the control)
to study association of the occupation with thyroid functions.
The subjects were grouped according to the mode of use of the
chemicals: herbicides only (24 cases), bactericides and
insecticides (42; aerial 17 plus ground 25), no use during the
period of the study (52) and control (49). Blood was collected
in summer and fall to determine blood hormone level. The
herbicide group showed a significantly higher testosterone level
in fall than in summer. The levels of follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH) were also higher in
fall. Correlation was found between the history of bactericide
use by the subjects and increased birth rate of girls. The group
with lower quartiles of average total testosterone level also
showed higher birth rate of girls. These results are in
agreement with the findings of early synchronic studies on
bactericide use, in which history of bactericide use of the
subjects was significantly correlated with changes in the sex
ratio of their children. The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
level of the pesticide spraying operators tended to decrease
from summer to fall; in particular, the aerial spraying
operators showed a significant change in the TSH (1.75 to 1.11
mU/l), while no such change was seen in the control group.
Asymptomatic hypothyroidism was rare in the control group but 5
cases were found among the 144 subjects of the operator group (TSH
> 4.5 mU/l).
Ribas-Fito et al. (2003) studied the state of the thyroid glands
of neonates in an area with high hexachlorobenzene (HCB) levels
as related to prenatal exposure to organochlorine compounds.
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