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Advisory Committee on Health Effects of Endocrine Disruptors
The Supplement II to the Intermediary Report
1.4.2.2_5 |
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[Results]
1. Organochlorine compounds
1) Cohort study
A retrospective study by Saracci et al. (1991) of a cohort
consisting of about 18,000 persons from 10 countries showed no
significant increase of SMR in those exposed chlorophenoxy
herbicides such as 2,4-T (SMR = 225, 95% CI = 99-464).
2) Case-control studies
Study conducted in Sweden by Hardell et al. (2003) found a
significantly increased risk in the cases exposed to
cis-nonachlordane (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.4-10), while the cases'
mothers showed significant risk increases by exposure to total
PCB (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.4-10), HCB (OR = 4.4, 95% CI =
1.7-12), trans-nonachlordane (OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 1.5-11) and
cis-nonachlordane (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.2-7.8). Hardell et al.
(2004) further analyzed effects of PCB homologues in detail.
While no significant difference in risk was found between the
cases and control, risk increase by mothers' exposure to
estrogenic PCBs (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 0.95-6.0), enzyme-inducing
PCBs (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.03-6.5) and TEQ (OR = 3.3, 95% CI =
1.3-8.4) were significant.
3) Ecological studies
Ekbom et al. (1996) pointed out parallel tendencies for the DDE
concentration in breast milk and testicular cancer incidence in
four Nordic countries based on their ecological study.
2. Diethylstilbestrol
Two cohort studies and three case-control studies were made in
the U.S. on the relationship of prenatal exposure to
diethylstilbestrol (DES) and testicular cancer. Leary et al.
(1984) conducted a retrospective cohort study on male subjects
born in 1939-1962 at Mayor Clinic, and found only one incidence
in the exposed group and none in the unexposed group.
Strohsnitter et al. (2001) followed 3613 subjects in four
cohorts from 1979 to 1994, and observed no significant risk
increase (RR = 3.05, 95% CI = 0.65-22.0; SIR = 2.04, 95% CI =
0.82-4.20). Two population-based case-control studies did not
find significant increase in risk, nor did a hospital-based
study.
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