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Advisory Committee on Health Effects of Endocrine Disruptors
The Supplement II to the Intermediary Report
1.1.3 |
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Studies related to the immune system presented an improved model
for the onset of self-immune diseases, and analyzed
modifications of the immune function using the local lymph node
assay6.
Studies on the endocrine system have been extended beyond the
conventional reproductive toxicity investigations, and now
address the effects on sex differentiation, the formation,
development, function, and aging of genital organs7.
Supportive fundamental studies are also in progress.
The category of nerve system studies includes: screening of
substances affecting the central nerve system using the dopamine
release in vitro from PC12 cells; effects on the early Xenopus
laevis embryo; study of polymerization capacity dependent on
microtubule-associated protein 2（MAP2）as affected by
neurosteroids; separation of bisphenol A-binding protein from
the rat brain and development of an evaluation method of effects
on central nerve system via thyroid hormone based on binding of
that protein; measurement of cerebral dopamine quantity in young
mice exposed to endocrine disruptors during the fetal period;
and analysis of effects on the nerve system via membrane
estrogen receptors and the thyroid hormone system8.
In addition, effects of endocrine disruptors on the
differentiation of nerves during the genesis of a fetus were
studied using nerve stem cells6.
As for the immune system, it was found that endocrine disruptors
affect the differentiation and multiplication of fetal thymic
cells, and the cytokine production capacity of lymphocites6.
Additional research outcomes include: development of a method
for simultaneous evaluation of the binding capacity to receptors
(glucocorticoid receptors, thyroid hormone receptors.
progesterone receptors, etc.) and activity of hormones using
antigens that detect the conformation changes of the receptors
when binding to chemical agents9;
construction of a system for rapid determination of the
transcription activity of nuclear receptors; analysis of effects
of endocrine disruptors using ES cells as the model of the
fetus; and analysis of the targets of endocrine disruptors based
on the genital organ control mechanism10.
In addition to the conventional visual and tissue morphological
examination, techniques based on gene expression, such as
microarrays, have been successfully introduced11.
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Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants Report (presided by Toru Inoue,
Hiroshi Ono)
7 Health and Labour Sciences Research
Grants
Report (presided by Hiroshi Ono)
8 Health and Labour Sciences Research
Grants
Report (presided by Yoshihiko Funae)
9 Health and Labour Sciences Research
Grants
Report (presided by Yasuyuki Shimohigashi)
10 Health and Labour Sciences
Research Grants
Report (presided by Kiyoshi Imai, Hiroshi Ono)
11 Health and Labour Sciences
Research Grants
Report (presided by Jun Kanno, Kiyoshi Imai, Hiroshi Ono) |
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contents
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