| |
|
|
 |
|
Advisory Committee on Health Effects of Endocrine Disruptors
The Supplement II to the Intermediary Report
1.4.2.2_1 |
| |
contents
Detailed contents
<< prev
next >> |
| |
[Results]
1. Organochlorine compounds
Many epidemiologic studies have been performed on the
relationships of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides with breast
cancer.
1) Cohort studies
A large-scale retrospective studies on cohorts distributed in 10
European countries by Saracci et al. (1991) did not show
increase in SMR due to exposure to chlorophenoxy pesticides.
However, they did not mention the incidence, and observed a
limited number of death cases. Reynolds et al. (2000) did not
find a significant correlation between the exposure level to
pesticides estimated by residence of the subjects and breast
cancer risk in a prospective cohort study on Californian female
teachers.
2) Nested case-control studies
Many case-control studies have been reported. Ten nested studies
and 24 retrospective studies (of which 3 population-based, 21
hospital-based including 3 using population-based control) were
published up to Dec. 31, 2000; 4 nested studies and 14
retrospective studies (of which 5 population-based, 6
hospital-based including 1 using population-based control) were
added between Jan. 1, 2001 and Oct. 31, 2004.
The nested studies may be classified according to the nature of
the cohort. Wolff et al. (1993) reports a significant increase
in risk by DDE and PCB in the U.S. Women's Health Study. The
dose-response relationship was not clear for PCB. Wolff et al.
(2000), however, did not find significant increase in risk in a
study based on the fat-adjusted concentration in serum. In the
U.S. Nurse's Health Study, Hunter et al. (1997) did not observe
increase in risk for DDE and PCB, as Laden et al. (2001) did not
for PCB homologues. Laden et al. (2002) reports an increased
risk, though statistically marginal, for a group of women after
menopause with a mutant CYP1A1-exon7 allele with high plasma PCB
level. Hoyer et al. (1998) observed a significant increase in
breast cancer risk by dieldrin in Copenhagen City Heart Study.
Hoyer et al. (2000) found again a significantly increased risk
also by PCB138, but not by other organochlorine compounds. Hoyer
et al (2001) further reports that serum dieldrin level is
significantly correlated with the risk of estrogen
receptor-negative breast cancer, and (in 2002) that mutation of
p53 may modify the effect of organochlorine compounds on the
increase of breast cancer, although the correlation between the
existence of p53 mutation and serum level of the compounds were
statistically insignificant.
Dorgan et al. (1999) observed a significant increase of risk by
HCB, but not by dieldrin or other organochlorine compounds, in a
study of a cohort consisting of donors to the serum bank in
Columbia, U.S. Helzlsouer et al. (1999) did not observe risk
increase by DDE and PCB in the subjects of the U.S. CLUE study.
Ward et al. (2000) found no increase in risk by PCB or
organochlorine pesticides in a cohort of Norwegian serum bank
donors. In a study of a cohort consisting of New York State
residents, O'Leary et al. (2004) found results that suggest an
increase of breast cancer risk by exposure to pesticides
existing in residents, water and nearby waste treatment sites.
|
|
contents
Detailed contents
<< prev
next >> |
|
|
|
