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[Results]
1. Organochlorine compounds
1) Cohort studies
No cohort study has appeared since Jan. 1, 2001.
The only paper that dealt with relationship of thyroid cancer
with any organochlorine compound was one on chlorophenoxy
herbicides. A retrospective study by Saracci et al. (1991) of a
cohort consisting of about 18,000 persons from 10 countries
showed a significant increase of SMR in those exposed
chlorophenoxy herbicides such as 2,4-T (SMR = 367, 95% CI =
100-940).
2) Case-control studies
No reference was found in this category.
3) Synchronic studies (including ecological studies)
No synchronic study has appeared since Jan. 1, 2001.
Grimalt et al. (1994) calculated SIRs for an area around an
organochlorine compound manufacturing plant in Spain, where the
HCB level in air is about 100 times higher than that in the
control area. SIR was significantly higher for men (6.7, 95% CI
= 1.6-28) but not for women (1.0).
An ecological study by Schreinemacher et al. (2000) report no
increase of SSR for areas with large acreages of wheat treated
with chlorophenoxy herbicides in 152 counties in the U.S.
2. Diethylstilbestrol
Two prospective cohort studies were made in the U.S. on the
relationship of exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and thyroid
cancer. Strohsnitter et al. (2001) followed 3613 subjects in
four cohorts from 1979 to 1994, and observed no significant risk
increase (SIR = 2.27, 95% CI = 0.27-8.18, compared with SIR =
4.39 and 95% CI = 0.89-12.83 for the unexposed group). Titus-Ernstoff
et al. (2001) followed up 7560 subjects belonging to two cohorts
in 1950s and 1980s until 1994, and found no increase in death
ratio (RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.60-1.39).
3. Other substances
No study on other substances has appeared since Jan. 1, 2001.
As for substances other than organochlorine compounds,
Schreinemacher et al. (1999) calculated the SRR in an ecological
study in four rural areas in Minnesota. A significant increase
of SSR was found for men, but not for women, in the rural areas
where more herbicides, such as ethylenebisthiocarbamate, were
used than in urban and forest areas (SSR = 2.95, 95% CI =
1.35-6.44). The substances involved and exposure conditions were
not mentioned.
No paper reported effects of alkylphenols or bisphenol A.
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