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Advisory Committee on Health Effects of Endocrine Disruptors
The Supplement II to the Intermediary Report
1.4.2.2_11 |
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A case-control study by Tan et al. (2002) on occupational
exposure to fenvalerate in a Chinese pesticide plant, as well as
a case-control study by Marmol-Maneiro et al. (2003) on
occupational exposure to pesticide based on cholinesterase
inhibitor in Spain, found effects of pesticide exposure on sperm
motility. Koifman et al. (2002) studied relationship of
pesticide exposure (pesticide sales) in 1980s with genital
outcome in 1990s using data for 11 states in Brazil. Association
was found for the exposed group with genital disorders,
including breast and ovarian cancer, low semen quality,
prostatic cancer and testicular tumor. Juhler et al. (1990) used
data on diet and semen obtained from Danish farm workers to test
a hypothesis that farm workers consuming organic farming
products have semen with high quality. The subjects were divided
into three groups according to the ratio of organic farming
production. The groups differed from each other in employment of
40 pesticides, but showed no difference in semen concentration.
However, the group with the lowest organic farming ratio had a
significantly lower ratio of normal sperm morphology.
Swan et al. (2003) compared high- and low-quality semen groups
of husbands of pregnant women who participated in the Study for
Future Families Research Group, an epidemiologic survey
conducted in Missouri and Minnesota. Analysis of seminal
parameters in relation to currently used herbicides (alachlor
and atrazine) and IMPY (a diazinon-based pesticide) indicated
that these chemicals were associated with lower seminal quality
in fertile men in central Missouri. This was the first
population-based study on effects of environmental exposure to
pesticides on sperm. Exposure sources are not clear but domestic
water was considered most probable.
On the other hand, three papers did not find association of
pesticide exposure with seminal quality. Tomenson et al. (1999)
conducted a synchronic study on employees in three manufacturing
plants of molinate (a thiocarbamate herbicide for rice) in the
U.S. to evaluate effects on male fertility. Examination of semen
and serum hormone showed no correlation of the sperm and hormone
concentrations with molinate exposure. Smith (2004) compared
synchronically the frequency of sperm chromosomal aneuploidy of
pesticide user and non-user groups and found no difference
between them. He concluded that pesticide spraying did not
increase risk of abnormal sperm count. Dalvie's (2004)
synchronic study on environmental DDT exposure of workers living
near Malaria Control Center, South Africa, did not found
significant correlation of blood DDT with semen volume, sperm
concentration, sperm motility or ratio of normal sperm
morphology.
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